In the intricate dance of life, organisms vie for dominance, whether in vast forests or within the microcosm of your gut. The gut microbiome consists of a diversity of fungi, bacteria, and other microbes, continuously collaborating or competing in order to thrive. Competitive exclusion is the principle governing these interactions, whereby organisms may compete directly for space or nutrients, harm one another to gain an advantage, suppress each other’s growth, or even cooperate to suppress a shared rival. Professor Margie Lee of Virginia Tech and her colleagues delve into this microbial battleground, exploring how competitive exclusion mechanisms combat Salmonella bacteria in poultry intestines.