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in javascript, `null` and `undefined` are both used to represent absence of a value, but they have different meanings and use cases. understanding the difference between `null` and `undefined` is important for writing clean and bug-free code.
1. `undefined`: in javascript, `undefined` is a primitive value that is automatically assigned to a variable that has been declared but not initialized or has been declared but not assigned any value. it indicates that a variable has been declared but has not been given a value.
2. `null`: `null` is also a primitive value in javascript, but it is explicitly assigned by developers to represent the absence of a value. it is often used to indicate that a variable intentionally does not have a value or that a value should be cleared.
here is a code example to demonstrate the difference between `null` and `undefined`:
in the code above, `variable1` is `undefined` because it is declared but not initialized, while `variable2` is explicitly assigned the value `null`. the `if-else` statements show how you can differentiate between `null` and `undefined` in javascript.
remember that using `null` and `undefined` appropriately can help improve the clarity and reliability of your code.
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