How long before the Earth becomes uninhabitable for all life? This is a reasonable question to ask in the context of our search for life elsewhere because it gives us a framework within which we might expect to discover life on exoplanets.
Nothing lasts forever, stars live and die over the course of hundreds of millions to billions, and in the case of red dwarf stars, trillions of years. Planets are born from the remnants of their parent stars and die over a shorter timescale. Life on those planets, if it exists, is presumed to be shorter still, governed entirely by the environments provided by the combination of the star and planetary characteristics. How long life lasts there ultimately depends on how long the star lives and how it dies.
Using our solar system as an example, since we know life arose here, how long will it last? Astronomers think they have an answer.
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