How the Twin Towers Fell | The World Trade Center and How It Collapsed
Minoru Yamasaki's work in architecture, designing the World Trade Center, also know as the Twin Towers, tragically fell on September 11th 2001. Today, given its upcoming anniversary and continuous memorial, I wanted to analyze the why World Trade Center fell.
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Sources:
“FAQs - NIST WTC Towers Investigation.” National Institute of Standards and Technology, www.tms.org/pubs/journals/JOM/0112/Eagar/Eagar-0112.html.
Presentation on WTC Collapse, Civil Engineering Department, MIT, Cambridge, MA (October 3, 2001).
D. Drysdale, An Introduction to Fire Dynamics (New York: Wiley Interscience, 1985), pp. 134–140.
A.E. Cote, ed., Fire Protection Handbook 17th Edition (Quincy, MA: National Fire Protection Association, 1992), pp. 10–67.
A.E. Cote, ed., Fire Protection Handbook 17th Edition (Quincy, MA: National Fire Protection Association, 1992), pp. 6-62 to 6-70.
Eager, Thomas W., and Christopher Musso. “Why Did the World Trade Center Collapse? Science, Engineering, and Speculation.” The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, www.tms.org/pubs/journals/JOM/0112/Eagar/Eagar-0112.html.
Steven Ashley, “When the Twin Towers Fell,” Scientific American Online (October 9, 2001); www.sciam.com/explorations/2001/100901wtc/
Zdenek P. Bazant and Yong Zhou, “Why Did the World Trade Center Collapse?—Simple Analysis,” J. Engineering Mechanics ASCE, (September 28, 2001), also www.tam.uiuc.edu/news/200109wtc/
SINTEF. "New theory explains collapse of World Trade Center's Twin Towers." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 21 September 2011.
www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/09/110921074747.htm
Kamin, Blair. “What Made New York's Twin Towers Collapse?” Chicago Tribune, Chicago Tribune, 6 Dec. 2001, www.chicagotribune.com/nation-world/sns-worldtrade-collapse-ct-story.html.
Craven, Jackie. "Why the World Trade Center Towers Fell on 9/11." ThoughtCo, Jul. 29, 2021, thoughtco.com/why-world-trade-center-towers-fell-177706.
Timothy Wilkinson, “World Trade Centre–New York—Some Engineering Aspects”, Univ. Sydney, Department of Civil Engineering; www.civil.usyd.edu.au/wtc.htm.
G. Charles Clifton, “Collapse of the World Trade Centers,” CAD Headlines, tenlinks.com (October 8, 2001); www.tenlinks.com/NEWS/special/wtc/clifton/p1.htm.
Thomas W. Eagar, the Thomas Lord Professor of Materials Engineering and Engineering Systems, and Christopher Musso, graduate research student, are at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Video Sources:
“18 Views of 'Plane Impact' in South Tower: 9/11 World Trade Center (2001 Terrorist Attacks).” YouTube, 29 Oct. 2014, • 18 Views of Plane Impact in South Tow... .
“9/11 Impact Anatomy: National Geographic.” YouTube, 26 Aug. 2009, • 9/11 Impact Anatomy | National Geogra... .
“Building the World Trade Center 1970s Stock Footage.” YouTube, 24 Feb. 2021, • Building The World Trade Center 1970s... .
“Chilling Footage inside the World Trade Center Right after 9/11 Attacks.” YouTube, 22 Jan. 2019, • Chilling Footage Inside the World Tra... .
“How Did Jet Fuel Melt the Steel Beams in the Twin Towers?: Blowing-up History.” YouTube, 23 Sept. 2020, • Video .
“N.J. Burkett Reporting as Twin TOWERS Begin to Collapse on September 11, 2001.” YouTube, 7 Sept. 2018, • N.J. Burkett reporting as Twin Towers... .
“Pouring Molten Aluminum into Water - Slow Motion.” YouTube, 19 Jan. 2018, • Pouring Molten Aluminium into Water -... .
Soba, Okinawa. “Minoru Yamasaki -- Standing with His Models of the World Trade Center.” Flickr, Yahoo!, 6 Sept. 2011, www.flickr.com/photos/okinawa-soba/6119523472.
“WTC New York Twin TOWERS Construction.” YouTube, 15 Sept. 2011, • WTC New York Twin Towers Construction .
“World Trade Center Tower 1 Litigation Animations.” YouTube, 9 Sept. 2011, • World Trade Center Tower 1 Litigation... .
